viernes, 20 de mayo de 2016

Adverbs of Frequency

We use some adverbs to describe how frequently we do an activity.
These are called adverbs of frequency and include:

Adverbs of Definite Frequency


Examples:
  • hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly
  • every second, once a minute, twice a year
  • once, twice, once or twice, three times
Adverbs of definite frequency, like all adverbs of definite time, typically go in END position. Look at these examples:
  • Most companies pay taxes yearly.
  • The manager checks the toilets every hour.
  • The directors meet weekly to review progress.
Sometimes, usually for reasons of emphasis or style, some adverbs of definite frequency may go at the FRONT, for example:
  • Every day, more than five thousand people die on our roads.


Adverbs of Indefinite Frequency


Frequency
Adverb of Frequency
Most frequent
Always / constantly

nearly always / almost always

usually /generally

normally

regularly

often

frequently

sometimes

periodically

occasionally

now and then / once in a while

rarely

seldom

infrequently

hardly ever / scarcely ever / almost never
Least frequent
never


The Position of the Adverb in a Sentence
An adverb of frequency goes before a main verb (except with To Be).

Subject + adverb + main verb
I always remember to do my homework.
He normally gets good marks in exams.

An adverb of frequency goes after the verb To Be.

Subject + to be + adverb
They are never pleased to see me.
She isn't usually bad tempered.

When we use an auxiliary verb (have, will, must, might, could, would, can, etc.), the adverb is placed between the auxiliary and the main verb. This is also true for to be.


Subject + auxiliary + adverb + main verb
She can sometimes beat me in a race.
would hardly ever be unkind to someone.
They might never see each other again.
They could occasionally be heard laughing.

Video:





Excersice





References
http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/adverbfreq.html
http://www.grammar.cl/Basic/Adverbs_Frequency.htm
http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/adverb/adverbs-frequency/

sábado, 7 de mayo de 2016

Perfect Tenses

The perfect tenses include:


  • Present Perfect
We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

  • Past Perfect
We use the Past Perfect tense to emphasize that an action in the past finished before another action in the past started. This tense is also used in reported speech, third conditional sentences, or to show dissatisfaction with the past.
  • Future Perfect 
We use the Future Perfect tense to talk about actions that will be finished before some point in the future. We also use this tense to express situations that will last for a specified period of time at a definite moment in the future. The last use is to express certainty that an action was completed.


Basic Form


PRESENT                          Subject + HAS/HAVE + Verb (past participle form)


PAST                                Subject + HAD Verb (past participle form)

FUTURE                           Subject + WILL HAVE + Verb (past participle form)


Negative 


PRESENT                     Subject + HAS NOT/HAVE NOT + Verb (past participle form)


PAST                                Subject + HAD NOT Verb (past participle form)

FUTURE                           Subject + WILL NOT HAVE + Verb (past participle form)

Questions


PRESENT                          HAS/HAVE Subject Verb (past participle form)


PAST                                HAD Subject Verb (past participle form)


FUTURE                           WILL + Subject +  HAVE + Verb (past participle form)





Examples

         I have seen that movie twenty times.
         Jane has never been so angry.
         People have not traveled to Mars.
         Have you read the book yet?

         I wish I had had enough courage to kiss her!
         Had she eaten the dinner before she went to the cinema?
         Mary said she had not visited her father for a long time.

         I will have retired by the end of this year.
         Will you have bought a new processor by the end of this week?
         You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
     



      Exercise
      past-perfect
      future-perfect






references

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseintro.html

http://www2.chappaqua.k12.ny.us/hgfaculty/jasarris/perfect_tenses/perfect%20tenses.htm

http://www.curso-ingles.com/